Annuities

Cfa portfolio management

Individuals have a finite but unknown lifespan. The efficient allocation of financial resources across an unknown lifespan is a planning …

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Insurance

Cfa portfolio management

Purchasing insurance trades a reduction in expected lifetime consumption for an increase in the stability of expected spending after a …

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Hedging

Cfa portfolio management

Hedging is a useful strategy when the holder of a concentrated position would like to protect against downside risk but …

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